Romantic love is a concept that has existed throughout a large chunk of human history. The concept of race as we know it today, however, is fairly recent. The two aren't comparable.
Based on what I know, romantic love seems to be universal as it has been observed within almost all human societies and there does seem to be a neurobiological basis for it (here is a
meta-analysis looking at it). It likely evolved in conjunction with pair-bonding. From a more anecdotal perspective, I can say that the love I feel for my bf is very distinct from the love I feel towards my family and my past friends. By comparison, the concept of race can change depending on where you live and the time period. There isn't any genetic basis for it as there are more differences within racial groups than between them. It's a social construct that seems to have been created back when Europeans were exploring the world and colonizing different countries.
I don't think that romantic love is something that we are brainwashed into believing. In reality, the issue is that we are pushed to treat it as inherently better than other types of love, treating it as a milestone that everyone is meant to experience. We put it up on a pedestal and we treat those who've never experienced it with pity, even though it shouldn't really matter. The issue is amatonormativity, which is the assumption that everyone is better off in long-term romantic relationships, typically monogamous ones. We tend to overlook the value of other types of relationships because we are taught to overvalue romantic ones. This is part of why we have so many people on here who specifically want to ctb because of a lack of luck when it comes to finding a romantic partner.