Hm, I disagree with some of the drug and doctor bashing here. To be able to treat the brain, we would have to have more knowledge about how the brain works. But it's an insanely complicated organ, shaped by our experiences and genes, nurture and nature. Unlike other organs, which are, in comparison, simple and straight forward, the brain is barely understood.
And we have quite a few disciplines that try to unravel the brain on multiple levels. Genomic, (epi-)transcriptomic, molecular, cellular, brain areas in themselves, brain areas in connection, whole brain, to name a few. And we are just not there yet to put it all together, due to the diversity in the brain.
During your development, you create double the neurons you have when you're 25. But you're smarter and your brain is more robust at 25 than during development. So why is that?
During development, the brain, based on mostly nature but also some nurture, overproduces neurons en masse. After birth, they start to die off. The neurons you use, you keep, the ones you don't use, you lose. It's called 'Fire together, wire together', basically neurons connect and stay connected if they fire at the same frequency, while neurons that don't fire at the same frequency die off.
As such, we all have very unique brain connections (and I'm not even taking important aspects into account, this is the simplified version).
Additionally, we're working on the psychological level, trying to understand the brain on a more holistic level, the parts that can be expressed and remembered, the later parts of nurture that follow after you're not a toddler anymore.
All that together gives us a very incomplete understanding of the brain and of the effect that nature and nurture have on it.
The problem then is: How do you work with something like that? What do you do?
Psychiatrists don't look at the brain, the only specialized doctor that does not examine the organ of the person they are treating. If you went to a cardiologist and he didn't listen to your heart and runs and EKG, you'd call him a quack. But in psychiatry we just aren't there yet. Last year I think is the first time that they started to image brains of depressed people before and after drugs, to be able to see how the depressed brain works and how drugs change that. This is a huge step in the right direction, once it becomes an actual thing to do for treatment. But at the moment, psychiatrists rely on your verbal statement on what is wrong to then try to find something to give you, that has helped someone else who has used similar words than you to express their problem. This is a tough job to do.
And to be fair, drugs don't do anything in a vacuum. Most drugs are only effective in conjunction with therapy. In depression for example, the depressed person has to change the structure of their brain by actively working on it every day. The therapist will guide this development, drugs such as fluoxetine (SSRI) are prescribed as fluoxetine has been shown to reopen critical windows in the brain allowing for a faster change in neuronal connections. This is however a double edged sword: reopening critical windows doesn't just allow you to get better, it also allows you to get worse. So you could get rid of your depression, or if something traumatic happens, you could develop PTSD on top of it. That's why a holistic treatment of different types of therapy and support from a psychologist are so important.
And, though I hate to admit it, there are some studies showing that people that have committed suicide have specific molecular and cellular alterations from people that die of different causes. However, we can't really treat this. Connexin 30 is one of those markers, it is reduced if not absent in people that have successfully committed suicide. Question is: with what we know about the brain and with the methods available to treat people... how the hell do we give a person connexin 30 in their brain? (
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0006322311003386,
https://www.biologicalpsychiatryjournal.com/article/S0006-3223(11)00770-0/abstract)
I'm trying to say that the science is not there yet, we have not unraveled the brain and we do not know how it works. As such it's really tough to treat it.