I have a theory about that. Our brains are not yet evolutionary adapted to the environment we're living in and how we behave in our modern world
That is actually what is going on. Our world has advanced faster than our bodies can keep up with and this has resulted in many issues. Certain adaptations that would have been useful in the past may now be detrimental.
Also, it's important to note that evolution doesn't strive for perfection. What matters is that a species is able to survive and reproduce. Things, from trade-offs to shortcuts, do happen. Our perception, for example, isn't one-to-one with our environment because it doesn't have to be. It just needed to be good enough to aid in our survival so the fact that our brains use shortcuts when interpreting external stimuli isn't a big enough drawback to warrant the selection of one-to-one perception.
Another example of this is back in the late 1960s up into the 1970s, when the French government hired people to regularly spray insecticide along this coastal beach in France to kill off all the mosquitoes. The mosquitoes who survived the insecticide had a mutation (Ester1) that caused them to produce larger amounts of an enzyme called A1 esterase, which breaks down a wide range of toxins. This mutation was less common amongst inland mosquitoes. Researchers found that while the mutation did allow for these mosquitoes to handle insecticide better than their inland counterparts, it also seemed to impact their ability to get away from predators (it was an antagonistic pleiotropy). This was a result of the increased production of A1 esterase interfering with the cholinergic synapses of the CNS. This mutation, at the time (before the rise of Ester4), had become more common amongst the coastal mosquito population because for the coastal mosquitoes, the pros would have outweighed the cons. Thus, the mutation would have been selected for despite it meaning less fitness in other areas.
Certain flaws with our brain, and by extension our bodies as a whole, also may result from certain shortcuts and tradeoffs made throughout the evolution of our species. Despite what some people think, evolution doesn't strive for perfection. There is no particular endpoint to it. What matters is that a population is able to stay alive long enough and spread their genes and so on and so forth.