Wondering if anyone else struggles with this.
Whenever I mess something up, even if it's nothing too major, my first instinct is to degrade myself. Like call myself stupid or worthless, hit myself in the leg, etc.
Looking back on it after the fact I feel like it was an overreaction but in the moment I feel so horrible and useless. Does anyone have any tips on how I can stop doing this?
All of this. There is a part of me that is quite cruel to myself. I often fall into compulsive rumination of things I've done in the past - both recent and in the more distant past. This part has a really mean tone and uses language it wouldn't use towards anyone - "fat whore, stupid fuck". When I'm really dysregulated I'll say it aloud. I had coworkers think I was talking about them. When it's particularly bad it'll enter to self harm like hitting my head with my hand, or in extreme cases, against the wall or floor. Suicidal ideation is common then.
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rrently I'm in a fairly good space and this self talk is pretty contained, but definitely present. Working on this is one of my biggest focuses in therapy. The modality that I've found to be the most helpful with this personally is Internal Family Systems (IFS). The basic idea of that system is that our mind is made up of various parts. It works to identify them and what burdened parts need. There is an interesting perspective of the internal relationships of these parts. (If you're interested to learn more about it, I highly recommend "No Bad Parts" by Richard Schwartz. PDFs are easily available.) Overall, I have found it a helpful framework to develop more self-compassion, reducing the intensity of this behavior.
Another aspect that has been a big part of working through this for me is learning more about my autism. Understandably this may not pertain to your situation, but I have found that working on unmasking has reduced this. (If interested, I recommend "Unmasking Autism" by Devon Price.)
If one is inclined towards a Buddhist approach, I have found that practicing metta meditation has been helpful. It is a meditation technique that can be translated to loving kindness. The basic idea is cultivating a mood of loving kindness towards yourself. In more advanced practice, this is then extended to loved ones, people we're neutral to, and people we see as enemies.
It's said the most difficult is directing it towards yourself, so I personally just focus on that in this practice. It can be done it many ways. What I personally do is repeat the following affirmations.
(Note: For this I use plural pronoun with the idea of extending this to all of my internal parts, particularly the ones hurting the most and the mean critic.)
"May we be free from suffering.
May we be at ease. May we be happy."
This can be done while doing sitting meditation, or in your mind in any situation. I have had a few times where I was having an internal crisis and this helped settle me down. My biggest times to use this is when in bed and trying to sleep when I'm restless.
I know this may not be for everyone. There are times when things like affirmations feel cheesy and like gaslighting yourself somehow. If interested, try it and see how it feels.
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Some references:
About IFS
About metta meditation